Linux 部署 gitea。无法用 service 启动

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./gitea web 可以启动但是想设置为 service 启动就失败 /etc/systemd/system/gitea.service 配置

[Unit]
Description=Gitea
After=syslog.target
After=network.target

[Service]
RestartSec=2s
Type=simple
User=git
Group=git
ExecStart=/usr/local/gitea web --config /usr/local/gitea/custom/conf/app.ini
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

权限也给了

[root@localhost local]# ls -l /usr/local/gitea
total 131008
drwxrwxr-x.  3 git git        18 Nov 18 06:21 custom
drwxrwxr-x. 15 git git       213 Nov 18 07:30 data
-rwxr-xr-x.  1 git git 134150560 Oct  3 21:27 gitea
drwxrwxr-x.  2 git git         6 Nov 18 06:10 log
[root@localhost local]# ls -l /usr/local/gitea/custom/conf/app.ini
-rw-r--r--. 1 git git 1602 Nov 18 06:21 /usr/local/gitea/custom/conf/app.ini
[root@localhost local]# sudo chown git:git /usr/local/gitea
[root@localhost local]# sudo chmod 755 /usr/local/gitea
[root@localhost local]# sudo systemctl start gitea
[root@localhost local]# systemctl status gitea
● gitea.service - Gitea
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/gitea.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: activating (auto-restart) (Result: exit-code) since Sat 2023-11-18 17:59:04 CST; 1s ago
  Process: 2945 ExecStart=/usr/local/gitea web --config /usr/local/gitea/custom/conf/app.ini (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)
 Main PID: 2945 (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)

Nov 18 17:59:04 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: gitea.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=203/EXEC
Nov 18 17:59:04 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit gitea.service entered failed state.
Nov 18 17:59:04 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: gitea.service failed.

就是启动不起来是什么原因

Supplement 1 · Nov 18, 2023

破案了。
ExecStart=/usr/local/gitea web --config /usr/local/gitea/custom/conf/app.ini
因为不是专业运维。不太明白这段的含义，楼里有人提醒后发现。可以直接运行这段。
我的 gitea 安装在/usr/local/gitea
也就是说启动应该是/usr/local/gitea/gitea 这样
感谢大家的热心解答。

30 replies • 2023-11-18 22:31:42 +08:00

kaneg

Nov 18, 2023 via iPhone

换 docker 版本省事

helee9199

Nov 18, 2023

@kaneg 折腾半天了就差临门一脚了 XD... 不甘心啊。总得弄明白

cxzlhr

Nov 18, 2023

他需要配置一个 home 目录，默认路径在这这里，/var/lib/gitea/,如果想修改也可以在 service 里面这样改

Environment=USER=git HOME=/data/gitea_home GITEA_WORK_DIR=/data/gitea

```
ls -al /var/lib/gitea/
drwxr-xr-x 3 git git 18 Nov 17 07:14 .
drwxr-xr-x. 41 root root 4096 Nov 17 07:14 ..
drwx------ 2 git git 73 Nov 17 07:43 .ssh
```

yaott2020

Nov 18, 2023 via Android

去看文档，文档有示例

adoal

Nov 18, 2023

没有正规运维经验就老老实实按照文档做，不要自己发挥

Quarter

Nov 18, 2023 via Android

看一下具体报了什么错

helee9199

Nov 18, 2023

@cxzlhr 这段配置我在官方配置看到了。
我也有尝试配置成 Environment=USER=git HOME=/home/git GITEA_WORK_DIR=/usr/local/gitea
HOME 和 GITEA_WORK_DIR 的位置我是问的 gpt
不知道是没配对还是什么原因也是没启动成功

ferock

Nov 18, 2023 via iPhone

docker 多安稳

helee9199

Nov 18, 2023

@Quarter journalctl -u gitea
```xml
-- Logs begin at Sat 2023-11-18 18:13:46 CST, end at Sat 2023-11-18 18:43:38 CST. --
Nov 18 18:16:53 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Gitea (Git with a cup of tea)...
Nov 18 18:16:53 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: gitea.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=203/EXEC
Nov 18 18:16:53 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start Gitea (Git with a cup of tea).
Nov 18 18:16:53 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit gitea.service entered failed state.
Nov 18 18:16:53 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: gitea.service failed.
Nov 18 18:16:55 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: gitea.service holdoff time over, scheduling restart.
Nov 18 18:16:55 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Stopped Gitea (Git with a cup of tea).
Nov 18 18:16:55 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Gitea (Git with a cup of tea)...
Nov 18 18:16:55 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: gitea.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=203/EXEC
Nov 18 18:16:55 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start Gitea (Git with a cup of tea).
Nov 18 18:16:55 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit gitea.service entered failed state.
Nov 18 18:16:55 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: gitea.service failed.
Nov 18 18:16:57 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: gitea.service holdoff time over, scheduling restart.
Nov 18 18:16:57 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Stopped Gitea (Git with a cup of tea).
Nov 18 18:16:57 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Gitea (Git with a cup of tea)...
Nov 18 18:16:57 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: gitea.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=203/EXEC
Nov 18 18:16:57 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start Gitea (Git with a cup of tea).
Nov 18 18:16:57 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit gitea.service entered failed state.
Nov 18 18:16:57 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: gitea.service failed.
Nov 18 18:16:59 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: gitea.service holdoff time over, scheduling restart.
Nov 18 18:16:59 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Stopped Gitea (Git with a cup of tea).
```

luojiyin87

Nov 18, 2023

建议用 docker 安装

https://docs.gitea.com/installation/install-with-docker

lng2020

Nov 18, 2023 via Android

这应该和 gitea 没啥关系。你搜一下报错 203 ？

helee9199

Nov 18, 2023

@lng2020
看起来主要和 ExecStart=/usr/local/gitea web --config /usr/local/gitea/custom/conf/app.ini
这段有关系
问了 gpt 确认文件是否存在，确认是否有权限这两个都是 OK 的。

to2false

Nov 18, 2023

systemctl 先 disable ，手动启动 ExecStart 看下详细错误

dzdh

Nov 18, 2023

我记得有个坑

成功的 code 是 1
加一个 SuccessExitStatus=1 试试

hiveex

Nov 18, 2023

同建议 docker 一步到位

lng2020

Nov 18, 2023 via Android

app.ini 里是什么东西

dfdragon

Nov 18, 2023

```
[Unit]
Description=Gitea (Git with a cup of tea)
After=syslog.target
After=network.target
After=mysql.service

[Service]
RestartSec=2s
Type=notify
User=git
Group=git
WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/bin/gitea/
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/gitea/gitea web --config /usr/local/bin/gitea/custom/conf/app.ini
Restart=always
Environment=USER=git HOME=/home/git GITEA_WORK_DIR=/usr/local/bin/gitea
WatchdogSec=30s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
```

贴一下我自己的配置，供参考

lng2020

Nov 18, 2023 via Android

你直接去 gitea 官方 QQ 群问好了，这里回复太费事

lng2020

Nov 18, 2023 via Android

type=simple 可能有问题，可以像楼上换成 notify 试试。之前有个工单就是 snap 包安装一直 notify 不到导致 gitea 一直重启。

darrh00

Nov 18, 2023

看一下 app.ini 里配置日志记录到哪里了，比如

[log]
MODE = file
LEVEL = Info
ROOT_PATH = /home/gitea/log

这样就去 /home/gitea/log/gitea.log 看看有什么日志

roundgis

Nov 18, 2023 via Android

去 gitea 的官方討論區問更快

你先用命令行啟動成功再換成 systemd 也不遲

guanzhangzhang

Nov 18, 2023

发现大家对 systemd 无法启动都没任何排错思路。。。

systemd 服务无法启动，就按照里面的参数手动搞，有 env file 就手动 export 下，有 workdir 就先 cd 进去，然后再手动启动你的 execStart 。203 exec 问题一般是命令 arg0 有问题，架构不对，二进制损坏，缺 so 啥的，总之先手动执行下

joyanhui

Nov 18, 2023

su git
/usr/local/gitea web --config /usr/local/gitea/custom/conf/app.ini

先看看

joyanhui

Nov 18, 2023

另外记得用户名不是 gitea 吗。。不过我这里是 lxc alpine

```sh
ls -lh /var/lib/gitea
total 201M
-rw------- 1 gitea www-data 1.7K Nov 13 18:48 app.ini
drwxr-x--- 2 gitea www-data 4.0K Mar 1 2023 custom
drwxr-x--- 14 gitea www-data 4.0K Mar 1 2023 data
drwxr-x--- 2 gitea www-data 4.0K Nov 18 12:28 db
drwxr-x--- 3 gitea www-data 4.0K Mar 1 2023 git
/etc/passwd |grep gitea
gitea:x:100:82:gitea:/var/lib/gitea:/bin/ash
```

julyclyde

Nov 18, 2023

@kaneg 无脑给出 docker 建议其实是错误的建议

julyclyde

Nov 18, 2023

@lng2020 所有 notify 的服务应该都可以 simple 运行吧
反过来不行

lazyyz

Nov 18, 2023 via Android

我用的官方示例里的 service 代码，正常可以跑起来

helee9199

Nov 18, 2023

@joyanhui 破案了。原来这条是可以执行的，我才发现是这里的问题/usr/local/gitea web
/usr/local/gitea 是安装的文件夹应该是/usr/local/gitea/gitea web

太淦了。。。

julyclyde

Nov 18, 2023

@guanzhangzhang 主要是吧正常情况下 systemd 里运行出错都是人的错误而非 systemd 的错误

kkk9

Nov 18, 2023

@helee9199 #28 个人经验是 systemd 运行错误的时候，直接就复制粘贴命令执行，如果能正常跑就是 systemd 配置的目录、权限、参数有疏漏，不能正常跑才看是软件问题还是其他问题